The Assessment Framework and Greater Impact Factors on Smart City Construction——a Unit Study of Shanghai, China

Abstract: Smart city construction is essential for sustainable urban development, particularly in developing countries facing urbanization and resource constraints. Current research is limited by cross-sectional and qualitative approaches. This study introduces a dynamic evaluation framework using a longitudinal case study of Shanghai (2012-2021), applying the entropy weight method to assess nine indicators across technology, economy, and environment. Results show that technological R&D, science and technology expenditure, foreign direct investment, and high-tech industrial output are more crucial contributors. The study offers a quantitative, longitudinal approach to smart city evaluation, providing a practical reference for policymakers in emerging cities of developing countries.